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Acetonitrile |
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CAS NO: CAS:75-05-8 Payment: L/C at 30days after sight
Additional_detail: Nature: colorless, transparent
liquid, similar to the ether
Yixiang. Melting point -45.7 ℃,
the boiling point 81.6 ℃, the
relative density of 0.786 (20 / 4
℃), refractive index of 1.3441,
flash point 6 ℃, 20 ℃ when the
viscosity of 0.35 mPa s, the
critical temperature of 274.7 ℃,
critical pressure 4.8332 MPa.
Toxic, flammable, burning a
bright flame. With water,
methanol, methyl acetate,
acetone, ethyl ether, chloroform,
carbon tetrachloride and
trichloroethylene immiscibility.
And the water formed Azeotrope
with 84% acetonitrile, a total of
boiling point 76 ℃.
Preparation: acetonitrile many
production methods, which are the
main industrial production of
acetic acid ammoniation,
acetylene ammoniation of ammonia
and propylene oxide, vice-law. 1.
Ammoniation of acetic acid to
acetic acid, ammonia as raw
materials, aluminium oxide
catalyst, in the 360-420 ℃
temperature, the reaction step of
acetonitrile, the reaction of the
water distillation and that is a
finished product . Fixed
consumption of raw materials:
acetic acid (98%) 1763 kg / t,
liquid ammonia (99.5%) 691 kg /
t. 2. Acetylene ammoniation law
to acetylene, ammonia as raw
materials and aluminium oxide
catalyst, in the 500-600 ℃
temperature, the step response of
acetonitrile. Fixed consumption
of raw materials: acetylene 10231
m3, liquid ammonia (99.4%) 1007
kg / t. 3. Propylene oxide by-
product of ammonia to propylene,
ammonia and air as raw materials,
through the catalyst of
acrylonitrile at the same time
Vice-acetonitrile. PAN-product
per ton to 25-100 kg
acetonitrile. 4. Acetamide from
dehydration and P2O5 arrived. 5.
By dimethyl sulfate and sodium
cyanide derived from the role.
Use: acetonitrile main purpose is
as solvent. If as a solvent
extraction of butadiene, a
synthetic solvents and some
special paint solvents. In the
oil industry for removing
hydrocarbons from the oil tar,
phenol and other substances
solvent. In the oil industry in
the vegetable oil used to extract
fatty acids follower of solvents,
used in traditional Chinese
medicine on the steroid family of
drugs to the crystallization of
reaction medium. In need of high
dielectric constant polar
solvents, water and acetonitrile
often use a dual azeotropic
mixture: 84 percent of
acetonitrile, the boiling point
of 76 ℃. Acetonitrile is Chinese
Medicine (vitamin B1), the
intermediate spices, is to create
both the triazine synergist
nitrogen fertilizer raw
materials. Also for the
degeneration of alcohol. In
addition, it can be used for
synthesis of triethylamine, such
as acetic acid and fabric dyeing,
lighting industry has many uses.
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